Veterinary Medicine in Pakistan Complete List

ANTIBIOTIC INJECTABLES

A) Penicillins

Class: Bactericidal

Mechanism: Cell wall inhibition

Indications: infections caused by any Gram-Positive Bacteria and penicillin-sensitive organism: Skin Infections, Bacterial pneumonia, URT, Strangles, Blackleg, and Urinary tract infections (at higher Doses).

Synergism: Aminoglycosides

Antagonists: Tetracyclines, Chloramphenicol, and Paromomycin.

Notes: It can cause Allergy, vomiting, diarrhea (or Enteritis if administered orally). Adrenaline must be used at once if severe respiratory distress is there.

1. Procaine Penicillin + Benzyl Penicillin

Narrow Spectrum Penicillins

Trade name	Composition	Packing	Company	Recommended Dose
Penicon	30 lac + 10 lac	10 ml	Vetcon Ph.	LA=1ml/50kg SA=1ml/25kg
Nawapen	30 lac + 10 lac	10ml	Nawan	Same as above
Penicill – 40	30 lac + 10 lac	25ml	Star	Same as above

2. Procaine Penicillin + Dihydro-streptomycin sulfate

Trade name	Composition	Packing	Company
Penstrep	200mg + 250mg	50 ,100ml	Nawan

3. penicillinG + Penicillin G Procaine + Dihydro-streptomycin Sulphate

Trade name	Composition	Packing	Company	Recommended Dose
Penivet Forte	10 lac+ 30 lac + 5gm	50ml	Star	7.5ml/ 100kg

4. Procaine penicillin + Benzyl penicillin +Streptomycin

Trade name	Composition	Packing	Company	Recommended Dose
Polybiotic	15 lac + 5 lac/5g	5 gm	PDH	SA=1gm/animal LA=5gm/animal
Penbiotic	15 lac+ 5 lac /5 gm	5 gm	Nawan	Same as above
Biocin	15 lac+ 5 lac /5 gm	5 gm	Vetcon	Same as above
Penevit	15 lac+ 5 lac /5 gm	5 gm	Star	Same as above
Cipicon	15 lac+ 5 lac /5 gm	5 gm	China	Same as above
Synbiotic	15 lac+ 5 lac	1 gm	China	Same as above

5. Amoxicillin

Broad Spectrum Penicillins

Indications: Good Results in GIT and Skin diseases.

Antagonist: Tetracyclines, Chloramphenicol, Erythromycin, and Cephaloridine.

Notes: From GI tract absorbed better than ampicillin

Horses: 11-22mg/kg IM Bid Ruminants: 11-22mg/kg IM Bid

Trade name	Composition	Packing	Company
Clamoxyl LA 15%	150 mg/ml	50 100 ml	Pfizer
Farmox LA	150 mg/ml	50 100 ml	Farvet
Amoxivet	150 mg/ml	50 100 ml	ICI

Novamox LA	150 mg/ml	50 100 ml	Selmore PH
Amoxy LA	150 mg/ml	50 ml	Selmore AG
Amovet LA	150 mg/ml	50 ml	Nawan
Betamox LA	150 mg/ml	50, 100 ml	Nawan
Getmox LA	150 mg/ml	50 100 ml	Zaidis Int.
Amoxikak LA	150 mg/ml	50 100 ml	Kakasian
Vetymoxyl LA	200 mg/ml	50 100 ml	Leads
Almox LA	150 mg/ml	50 100 ml	Star

6. Ampicillin Trihydrate

Horses: 11-22mg/kg IM Bid Ruminants: 11-22mg/kg IM Bid

Trade name	Composition	Packing	Company
Ampicillin – 20%	200 mg/ml	100ml	NB sons
Ampikel	200 mg/ml	100ml	Well Ph.
Brosicol	200mg/ml	10,50ml	Star

7. Amoxicillin + Colistin

Penicillinase Protected Broad Spectrum Penicillin

Trade name	Composition	Packing	Company	Recommended Dose
Amoxycol – 10%	100 mg + 250,000 IU/ml	100 ml	Franklin UK	1 ml/10 kg
Colimoxin	100 mg + 250,000 IU/ml	50 100 ml	Selmore PH	Same as above
Colimox	100 mg + 250,000 IU/ml	50 100 ml	Nawan	Same as above
Amoxycon	100 mg + 250,000 IU/ml	100 ml	Kepro	Same as above

1. Macrolide (Tylosin, Erythromycin, Tilmicosin)

Class: Bacteriostatic, Narrow Spectrum

Mechanism: Binding to the 50S ribosomal RNA and inhibit translocation of the peptidyl tRNA

Indications: URT infections, mastitis, metritis, and foot rot caused by microorganisms susceptible to macrolides. Side effects: Include diarrhea, vomiting, and anorexia in small animals after oral administration. IM injection is painful.

Notes: Can’t be used In Horses because it can cause fatal diarrhea.

1) Tylosin:

Ruminants: 10-20mg/kg (Avg. 15mg/kg All Macrolides)

Trade name	Composition	Packing	Company
Fartylo	200 mg/ml	100 ml	Farvet
Tylosel	200 mg/ml	50,100ml	Selmore PH
Tylo – 20%	200 mg/ml	10, 50 100 ml	Ziadis Int.
Tylosin – 20%	200 mg/ml	50,100ml	Grace
Biotylo	200 mg/ml	100 ml	Biogain
Tylosan	200 mg/ml	50 100 ml	Sana
Tylomac – 20%	200 mg/ml	50,100ml	Star

C) Cephalosporins

Class: Bactericidal, Differ in Generations

Mechanism: Cell wall inhibition

Indications: Very effective for respiratory diseases, Skin diseases and most of the bacteria including beta-lactamase-producing strains. Also used in Urinary Tract infections, Soft tissues and bone.

Antagonists: Gentamycin

Precaution: Doses should be reduced in liver affected animals. Poorly absorbed from GIT.

N6tes: First generation has strongest response against G+ve Cocci, Proteus, E.coli, Klebsiella than other generations. While 3rd Generation has good response against G-ve Bacilli.

First Generation

Narrow Spectrum only for G+ve

1. Cephradine:

Horses: Ruminants:

Trade name	Composition	Packing	Company
Velosef	250mg/500mg/1gm:	5ml,10ml	Bristol M.S.
Vericef susp.	250mg/500mg/1gm:	60ml,100ml	Indus

2. Cephalexin

Horses: 10-30 mg/kg, PO, TID- QID Ruminants: 7mg/kg IM Sid

Trade name	Composition	Packing	Company
Ceporex inj	250mg/500mg	5ml, 10ml	Indus
Keflex syp.	25 mg/ ml, 50mg/ ml	60ml	Eli Lilly

1. Ceftiofur Hydrochloride

Third generation

Broad Spectrum both for G+ve and G-ve

Side effects: Usually safe to use in animals. However allergic reaction can occur. Rare bleeding disorders have been reported from cephalosporins.

Horses: 2.2-5 mg/kg IV IM Ruminants: 1.1-2.2 mg/kg IM IV

Trade name	Composition	Packing	Company
Excenel RTU	50 mg/ml	100 ml	Pfizer
Cefur RTU	50 mg/ml	10, 50 100 ml	Nawan

2. Cefotaxime Sodium

Antagonists: Gentamycin

Side effects: Usually safe to use in animals. But allergic reactions, vomiting and diarrhea may occur in some animals.

Horses: 20-30 mg/kg IV Ruminants:

Trade name	Composition	Packing	Company
Excef	250mg, 500mg,1gm	5ml, 10ml	Indus
Ceforin	250mg,500mg,1gm	10ml, 5ml	Nawan labs

3. Ceftriaxone Sodium

Horses: 25-50mg/kg IM Ruminants:

Trade name	Composition	Packing	Company
Oxidil	250mg,500mg,1gm	5ml,10ml	Sami
Maxaf	250mg,500mg,1gm	5ml,10ml	Indus

1. Aminoglycosides (Gentamicin, Kanamicin, Amikacin, Streptomycin, Neomycin)

Class: Bacteriocidal, Broad Spectrum

Mechanism: Irreversibly bind to the 30S ribosome

Indications: Infections caused by susceptible pathogens, cases of pneumonia, urinary tract infections, endometritis, and septicemias that are resistant to other antibiotics.

Antagonists: Amphotericin B, Cephalosporins produce nephrotoxicity.

Side effects: Intestinal flora may be disrupted, diarrhea may occur. Other includes intramuscular blockage (when used with anesthetic agents), nephrotoxicity and ototoxicity (oto=ear)

Notes: These are used in all species.

1. Gentamycin

Horses: 3-6mg/kg BID IM Ruminants: 3-6mg/kg BID IM

Trade name	Composition	Packing	Company
Genton	100 mg/ml	50 100 ml	ICI
Gentasel – 10	100 mg/ml	50 100 ml	Selmore PH
Medi G 10	100 mg/ml	50 100 ml	Medivet
Gentasal 100	100 mg/ml	50 100 ml	Atzan
Gentafar	100 mg/ml	50 100 ml	Farvet
Gentawan – 10	100 mg/ml	100ml	Nawan
Gentalin – 10	100 mg/ml	50,100ml	Star
Gentasal - 50	50 mg/ml	100 ml	Atzan

2. Gentamycin + Trimethoprim + Sulfonamide

Trade name

Composition

Packing

Company

Recommended Dose

Genta plus

30+125+25

mg/ml

50,100ml

Leads Ph.

First Dose=30ml/50kg 2nd Dose=15ml/50kg

3. Tylosin +Gentamycin

Trade name	Composition	Packing	Company	Recommended Dose
Tylogent	100 + 50 mg/ml	50, 100ml	Eterna	LA=1ml/30kg SA=1ml/20kg

4. Kanamycin

Notes: More good effects in Dogs cats. Excessive dose can effect in 8th Cranial Nerve.

Horses: 12-15mg/kg IM Ruminants: 12-15 mg/kg IM

Trade name	Composition	Packing	Company
Kanasym	100 mg/ml	50,100ml	Symans
Kanacon	100 mg/ml	50,100ml	Vetcon Ph.
Kana Kak	100 mg/ml	50 ml	Trust Pharma
Kanamycin	100mg/ml	10, 50ml	China
Kanachron	100 mg/ml	10 50 ml	Star

5. Kanmycine + Ampicillin + Prednisolone + Chlorpheniramine

Trade name	Composition	Packing	Company	Recommended Dose
Kapcine	100mg+200mg+10mg+4mg	50, 100ml	Leads Ph.	LA=1ml/20kg SA=1ml/10kg

1. Tetracyclines (Oxytetracycline,Doxycycline)

Class: Bacteriostatic, Broad Spectrum

Mechanism: Reversibly bind to the 30S ribosome

Indications: Infections caused by tetracycline-sensitive strains; anaplasmosis, often ineffective for endocarditis, empyema, meningitis, septic arthritis and osteomyelitis.

Antagonists: Antacids, milk, diuretics, methoxyflurane, penicillins, ferrous sulfate.

Side effects: Causes nephrotoxicity when administered at high Recommended Doses, Calcium Chelation is the major side effect. Can affect growing bone and teeth formation (cause straining of teeth) in young animals and some hepatotoxicity may occur at large doses.

Notes: Multiple doses should not be given to horses INTRAVENOUSLY. Doxycycline is mostly used in Dogs for Babesiosis.

1. Oxytetracycline (Simple)

Horses: 5mg/Kg IV Ruminants: 5-10mg/kg IM or IV Foals/Calf= 10-20mg/kg P.O.

Trade name	Composition	Packing	Company
Remoxin	50 mg/ml	50 100 ml	PDH
Oxy S	50 mg/ml	50 ml	Selmore PH
Nawacin 50	50 mg/ml	50 100 ml	Nawan
Oxycon – 50	50 mg/ml	50 ml	Vetcon Ph.
Resomycin	50mg/ml	50ml	Star

2. Oxytetracycline LA

Trade name	Composition	Packing	Company	Recommended Dose
Oxtra LA	200 mg/ml	50 100 ml	Fatro	1 ml/10 kg
Oxy LA	200 mg/ml	50 100 ml	Selmore PH	Same as above
Floxitetra LA	200 mg/ml	100 ml	Selmore AG	Same as above
Nawacin LA	200 mg/ml	50 100 ml	Nawan	Same as above
Remacycline LA	200 mg/ml	100 ml	Marush	Same as above
Rasomycine LA	200 mg/ml	50 ml	Star	Same as above

3. Oxytetracycline PVD (Polyvinylpyrrolidone)

Trade name	Composition	Packing	Company	Recommended Dose
Oxycare PVP	100 mg/ml	50 ml	Vetycare	1 ml/20 kg
Nawacin PVP	100 mg/ml	50 100 ml	Nawan	1 ml/20 kg
Oxy PVP	100 mg/ml	50 100 ml	Selmore PH	1 ml/20 kg
Resomycine PVP	100 mg/ml	50 ml	Star	1 ml/20 kg

1. AMPHENICOLS (Chloramphenicol, Florfenicol)

Class: Bacteriostatic, Broad Spectrum

Mechanism: Bind to the 50S ribosome

Indications: Upper respiratory tract infections, urinary tract infections, enteritis, and bacterial conjunctivitis. Side effects: Cause multiple genetic effects i.e. Aplastic anemia, Bone marrow dysfunction, blood dyscrasias (imbalance of four body fluids i.e. blood, bile, lymph and phlegm).Notes: Amphenicol are very stable and should not be used in food-producing animals because residues remain secreted up to 28 days in meat, milk or eggs. They are getting banned for producing genetic effects.

1. Chloramphenicol

Horses: 50mg/kg IV for 4 hrs Ruminants: Don’t used in food-producing animals

Trade name	Composition	Packing	Company	Recommended Dose
Chlorocare	20 mg/ml	50 ml	Vetycare	Ls= 25 ml Ms= 10 ml Ss= 3 ml
Rexaphenicol	20 mg/ml	50 ml	SJ G	Same as above
Chloramphenicol 20	20 mg/ml	100 ml	Bremer	Same as above
Chlorobiotic	20 mg/ml	50 ml	Star	Same as above

2. Oxytetracycline + Chloramphenicol + Prednisolone + Lidocaine Notes:Antimicrobial as well as anti-inflammatory

Trade name	Composition	Packing	Company	Recommended Dose
Chlorotatrason	5 g + 10 g + 500 mg + 1 g	50 ml	Marial	1 ml/10 kg
Oxyclore-P	5 g + 10 g + 500 mg + 1 g	50 ml	Enterna	1 ml/10 kg
Oxypenisol	5 g + 10 g + 500 mg + 1 g	50 ml	Star	1 ml/10 kg

3. Florfenicol

Notes: Should not be used in calves and Heifers. Approved for P.hemolytica and P.multocida.

Horses: Don’t Used Ruminants: 20mg/kg IM repeated after 48 Hrs

Trade name	Composition	Packing	Company	Recommended Dose
Naflor	300 mg/ml	10 50 ml	Nawan	1 ml/15 kg
Florofen	300 mg/ml	50 ml	Leads	1 ml/15 kg

1.SULPHONAMIDES:

Class: Bacteriostatic, Broad Spectrum

Mechanism: These antimicrobials are analogs of para-aminobenzoic acid and competitively inhibit the formation of dihydropteric acid.

Indications: Acute urinary tract infections, respiratory tract infections, wound infections, coccidiosis and foot rot.

Side Effects: Causes urticaria and crystal formation in renal tract.

Notes: Should not be used IM as they can cause sloughings. Most simple sulfonamides are mostly used in Ruminants and not in other spp. due to irritation.

1. Sulfadimidine Sodium(Sulfamethazine) Class: Sulfonamides

Ruminants: 50-220mg/kg P.O. or IV (Initial dose, subsequent doses should be half)

Trade name	Composition	Packing	Company
Sulfadine	33.3%	100 ml	PDH
Dimadin	33.3%	100 400 ml	Nawan
Demicon	33.3 %	100 500 ml	Vetcon
Sulfadox	33.3%	100 500 ml	Zaidis Int.
Sandine	33.3%	50,100ml	Sanna labs
Sulfadimadine	33.3 % (333mg)	100 500 ml	Star

2 .Tribrissen (Trimethoprim + Sulfadiazine) Class: PotentiatedSulfonamides

Indications: Very effective as compared to simple sulfa drugs.

Notes: Sulfadiazine, alone, is used in all species at the rate of 50mg/kg.

Trade name	Composition	Packing	Company	Recommended Dose
Tribrissen	T=8% + S=40%	10 50 ml	GSK	1ml/15 kg
Tribactral Inj.	T=8% + S=40%	10 50 ml	Selmore PH	Same as Above
Tryton	T=8% + S=40%	10 50 ml	ICI	Same as Above
Triben	T=8% + S=40%	10 50 ml	Eterna	Same as Above
Sulprim	T=8% + S=40%	10 50 ml	Hilton	Same as Above
Trimodin – 48	T=8% + S=40%	10,50, 100ml